Imigração
É o
movimento de imigrar. Significa chegar a
um país estrangeiro com a intenção de nele se estabelecer, seja de modo
definitivo ou temporário. (Tudopédia – enciclopédia da Lingua Portuguesa)
Objetivo
da imigração no Brasil
Um dos
objetivos da imigração no Brasil, era a preocupação com as província
localizadas no Sul, que eram consideradas “vazios demográficos que precisavam
ser ocupados, e também a necessidade da substituição do trabalho escravo pelo
trabalho livre, pela iminência do fim da escravatura em especial a partir de
1850 com a proibição do tráfico negreiro. Dessa forma a imigração no Brasil atendeu
a duas frentes: de um lado a instalação
em pequenas propriedades policultoras que, reunidas, constituíam núcleos
coloniais que garantiriam a efetividade das fronteiras do país; de outro, a
ocupação da mão de obra assalariada nas fazendas de café.
Quando
foram fundadas
As
primeiras colônias foram fundadas por iniciativa do governo imperial. No entanto, a partir de 1830, em razão dos
constantes fracassos nas empresas coloniais, foi sancionada uma lei impedindo o
poder público de promover esse tipo de gasto . Em 1834, por meio do Ato
Adicional (espécie de emenda à Constituição de 1824), a responsabilidade quanto
à colonização foi transferida para as províncias. Assim, cada uma passou a ter autonomia,
implementando políticas diferenciadas.
Os
primeiros imigrantes
Em
busca de oportunidades na terra nova, para cá vieram os suíços, que chegaram em
1819 e se instalaram no Rio de Janeiro (Nova Friburgo), os alemães, que vieram
logo depois, em 1824, e foram para o Rio Grande do Sul (Novo Hamburgo, São
Leopoldo, Santa Catarina, Blumenau, Joinville e Brusque), os eslavos,
originários da Ucrânia e Polônia, habitando o Paraná, os turcos e os árabes,
que se concentraram na Amazônia, os italianos de Veneza, Gênova, Calábria, e
Lombardia, que em sua maior parte vieram para São Paulo, os japoneses, entre
outros. O maior número de imigrantes no Brasil são os portugueses, que vieram
em grande número desde o período da Independência do Brasil.
Contribuição
dos imigrantes
O processo imigratório foi de extrema
importância para a formação da cultura brasileira. Esta, foi, ao longo dos
anos, incorporando características dos quatro cantos do mundo. Basta pararmos
para pensar nas influências trazidas pelos imigrantes, que teremos um leque
enorme de resultados: o idioma português, a culinária italiana, as técnicas
agrícolas alemãs, as batidas musicais africanas e muito mais. Graças a todos
eles, temos um país de múltiplas cores e sabores. Um povo lindo com uma cultura
diversificada e de grande valor histórico.
Traços
em comum dos imigrantes
Embora
tão distantes quanto à forma como foram introduzidos no país e tão díspares
quanto à origem, os imigrantes possuíam traços em comum. O primeiro diz respeito ao próprio
significado de migrar, que para essas pessoas significava uma profunda ruptura,
um corte. Durante a viagem que durava
meses, eram construídas as expectativas em relação ao novo lar, mas era também
o tempo de planejar o retorno. A grande
maioria veio com a intenção do progresso com prosperidade material. O segundo traço comum a todos os imigrantes,
independentemente de sua origem ou condição social, está no fato de eles se
constituírem como um “outro” que olha para os nacionais e que por eles é
olhado. Os brasileiros olhavam os imigrantes
com curiosidade, mas também, não raras vezes de hostilidade. De outro lado, os estrangeiros enxergavam uma
certa arrogância na forma como os brasileiros se comportavam.
Immigration
It is the movement of immigrating. It means coming to a foreign country with the intention to settle down, either permanently or temporarily. (Tudopédia - encyclopedia of Portuguese Language)
Immigration goal in Brazil
One of the immigration objectives in Brazil, was the concern with the province located in the south, which were considered "demographic gaps that needed to be filled, and also the need for replacement of slave labor by free labor, the imminence of the end of slavery in particular from 1850 to the prohibition of the slave trade. Thus immigration in Brazil attended two fronts: on one hand the installation in small policultoras properties which together constituted colonial settlements that guarantee the effectiveness of the country's borders; on the other, hand the occupation of salaried work on the coffee plantations.
When were founded
The first colonies were founded on the initiative of the imperial government. However, from 1830, due to the constant failures in colonial companies, it was enacted a law preventing the government to promote this type of expenditure. In 1834, through the Additional Act (kind of amendment to the Constitution of 1824), the responsibility for the settlement was transferred to the provinces. Thus, each has to have autonomy, implementing differentiated policies.
The first immigrants
Seeking opportunities in the new land, here came the Swiss, who arrived in 1819 and settled in Rio de Janeiro (Nova Friburgo), the Germans, who came soon after, in 1824, and went to the Rio Grande do Sul ( Novo Hamburgo, São Leopoldo, Santa Catarina, Blumenau, Joinville and Brusque), Slavs from Ukraine and Poland, inhabiting the Paraná, the Turks and the Arabs, who were concentrated in the Amazon, the Italians of Venice, Genoa, Calabria, and Lombardy, which for the most part came to São Paulo, the Japanese, among others. The largest number of immigrants in Brazil are the Portuguese, who came in large numbers from the period of the Independence of Brazil.
The contribution of immigrants
The immigration process was extremely important for the formation of Brazilian culture. This has been, over the years, incorporating features of the four corners of the world. Just stop to think about the influences brought by immigrants who have a huge range of results: Portuguese, Italian cuisine, the German agricultural techniques, African musical beats and more. Thanks to all of them, we have a country of many colors and flavors. A beautiful town with a diverse culture and of great historical value.
Common traits of immigrants
Although as far as the way they were brought into the country and as diverse as the origin, immigrants had in common traits. The first concerns the very meaning of migrating that to these people meant a deep rupture, a cut. During the trip that lasted months, expectations were built for the new home, but it was also the time to plan the return. The vast majority came with the intention of progress with material prosperity. The second trait common to all immigrants, regardless of their origin or social status, is the fact that they constitute as an "other" looking for national and that they are looked at. Brazilian immigrants looked with curiosity, but also, often hostile. On the other hand, foreigners could see a certain arrogance in the way Brazilians behaved.
Immigration
It is the movement of immigrating. It means coming to a foreign country with the intention to settle down, either permanently or temporarily. (Tudopédia - encyclopedia of Portuguese Language)
Immigration goal in Brazil
One of the immigration objectives in Brazil, was the concern with the province located in the south, which were considered "demographic gaps that needed to be filled, and also the need for replacement of slave labor by free labor, the imminence of the end of slavery in particular from 1850 to the prohibition of the slave trade. Thus immigration in Brazil attended two fronts: on one hand the installation in small policultoras properties which together constituted colonial settlements that guarantee the effectiveness of the country's borders; on the other, hand the occupation of salaried work on the coffee plantations.
When were founded
The first colonies were founded on the initiative of the imperial government. However, from 1830, due to the constant failures in colonial companies, it was enacted a law preventing the government to promote this type of expenditure. In 1834, through the Additional Act (kind of amendment to the Constitution of 1824), the responsibility for the settlement was transferred to the provinces. Thus, each has to have autonomy, implementing differentiated policies.
The first immigrants
Seeking opportunities in the new land, here came the Swiss, who arrived in 1819 and settled in Rio de Janeiro (Nova Friburgo), the Germans, who came soon after, in 1824, and went to the Rio Grande do Sul ( Novo Hamburgo, São Leopoldo, Santa Catarina, Blumenau, Joinville and Brusque), Slavs from Ukraine and Poland, inhabiting the Paraná, the Turks and the Arabs, who were concentrated in the Amazon, the Italians of Venice, Genoa, Calabria, and Lombardy, which for the most part came to São Paulo, the Japanese, among others. The largest number of immigrants in Brazil are the Portuguese, who came in large numbers from the period of the Independence of Brazil.
The contribution of immigrants
The immigration process was extremely important for the formation of Brazilian culture. This has been, over the years, incorporating features of the four corners of the world. Just stop to think about the influences brought by immigrants who have a huge range of results: Portuguese, Italian cuisine, the German agricultural techniques, African musical beats and more. Thanks to all of them, we have a country of many colors and flavors. A beautiful town with a diverse culture and of great historical value.
Common traits of immigrants
Although as far as the way they were brought into the country and as diverse as the origin, immigrants had in common traits. The first concerns the very meaning of migrating that to these people meant a deep rupture, a cut. During the trip that lasted months, expectations were built for the new home, but it was also the time to plan the return. The vast majority came with the intention of progress with material prosperity. The second trait common to all immigrants, regardless of their origin or social status, is the fact that they constitute as an "other" looking for national and that they are looked at. Brazilian immigrants looked with curiosity, but also, often hostile. On the other hand, foreigners could see a certain arrogance in the way Brazilians behaved.
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